In a recent study posted to the bioRxiv* preprint server, researchers analyzed the viral genomes of 28 endemic viruses to study the evolution of the ability of viruses to evade the neutralizing ...

Our immune system is divided into two main branches: innate and adaptive. Innate immune cells act as a first line of defense, quickly responding to invaders, while adaptive immune cells take a longer ...

Humans are protected by two branches of the immune system. Innate immunity provides built-in defense against widespread characteristics of bacteria and viruses, while adaptive immunity memorizes ...

Scientists generally agree that eukaryotes, the domain of life whose cells contain nuclei and that includes almost all multicellular organisms, originated from a process involving the symbiotic union ...

A new study shows human immune systems differ across populations, raising new questions for medicine and global drug research ...

Numerous factors shape how a person’s immune system reacts to infections and other challenges. Age, sex and genetics are fundamental contributors—as the COVID pandemic highlighted. Now a new study ...