Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs), with a median survival of 9 months, represent the biggest therapeutic challenge in pediatric neuro-oncology. Despite many clinical trials, no major ...

The brain stem is a portion of the brain made of four distinct sections: the diencephalon, mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata. Each of these sections has associated functions which are vital ...

Aimee Pasqua Borazanci; Meghan K. Harris; Robert N. Schwendimann; Eduardo Gonzalez-Toledo; Amir H. Maghzi; Masoud Etemadifar; Nadejda Alekseeva; James Pinkston; Roger E. Kelley; Alireza Minagar Owing ...

A 43 year-old man had a twenty year history of MS, presenting initially with optic neuritis. Over the past ten years, he developed progressive weakness, numbness and ataxia in the lower extremities.

The study of focal brain lesions has traditionally been used to map neurologic symptoms to specific regions; however, many neurologic and psychiatric symptoms correspond more closely to networks of ...

A 34 year-old woman presented with right facial numbness. She had left optic neuritis two years ago. Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Flair axial MRI images at the level of the medulla/cerebellum (left), and ...

The original description of pathological laughing and crying explained it as a behavioral phenomenon resulting from pseudobulbar palsy. In these patients, lesions to the corticobulbar motor pathways, ...